Explain how motivation causes goal directed behavior?
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Motivation causes goal directed behavior for example when a person strongly feels the need of something he will behave in such a way that he will try to satisfy himself so that he does not feel the lack of that particular thing. A human need creates tension in the mind of the individual and this need transforms itself into want depending upon the environment. Again, there will be tension in the mind which will be satisfied only by a particular behavior of the individual which will release the tension. That particular behavior may be caused by the incentives, which exist to satisfy the need. Satisfaction of one need will lead to the feeling of another different need or the same need at an interval of Thus, this process is a continuous one.
However, if the need is not satisfied because of some reasons, the person may feel frustration. Frustration can be defined as the accumulation of stress because of non-fulfillment of needs. At this stage, the person will try to amend his behavior to eliminate factors responsible for non-fulfillment of his needs in one particular situation only. There will be numerous such factors, which will be beyond his control. Thus, the situation can be that he is in a position to remove his frustration by satisfaction of needs.
Frustration is not an ideal situation for an individual, so he will change this situation by choosing some alternative behavior. As human beings are different from each other, this type of behavior will not be uniform. Some common forms of behavior are :
1. Aggression – A person who is denied the need satisfaction may aggressive. Different forms of aggression may be displacement (attacking source of frustration or towards some other object), Negativism resistance operating consciously or unconsciously) and fixation
2. Withdrawal – Another way of overcoming frustration is withdrawal from the scene physically or psychologically. The different forms of withdrawal may be fantasy, regression or flight.
3. Compromise – The individual try to compromise the situation. Various forms of compromise may be identification, projection, rationalization or formation.