Whenever an employee leaves an organization it constitutes the exit of that employee from the organization. The present day organization are aware of the importance of retaining their human resources and with this aim in mind they try to know the reason behind the exit of an employee so that it does not create any adverse effect on the working of the organization and the employee also leaves it with a good taste. The most important and widely used strategy is conducting the exit interview with the outgoing employee.

An exit interview should focus on identifying the reasons behind the exit of an employee and also inquire if the level of performance of the organization or if the unfulfilled expectations of the employee are involved. The low level of employee retention indicates a low level of job satisfaction among the employees and can cost dearly to the organization. When the employees don’t feel valued, the poor management practices, lack of opportunities of growth and some time personal harassment of the employee could be the reasons behind the low level of job satisfaction of an employee and it results in avoidable losses for the organization.

Redeployment is the process of moving people within the organization and from units where there are excess employees to the departments where there is shortage. The process of redeployment involves the identification of surplus and shortage areas, notifying and educating employees about the importance of being redeployed in high need areas, identifying the skills and competencies required in these areas and assessing the employees who can be successfully redeployed. Sometimes retraining or retooling may be required before redeployment. The process also includes the development of systems which can assess and put the right people at right jobs. The managers are also given incentives to allow their human talent to leave so that it can be redeployed in areas where higher returns are expected from this talent. An assessment process is also developed to see how the employees are doing in their new assignments. If carried out in a proper way, redeployment can help the organization as well as its employees. The offer of suitable alternative work should have similar status, should be within the capabilities of the employee, should not cause unreasonable in convenience to the employee and should provide similar earning to the employee.

Inventory is a term that is use to count tangible objects like goods and raw materials. The inventory of human resources is also prepared in the same way but it is not simply the counting of heads that are available at present but cataloguing the present and future potentials. The human resources of the organization are divided into managerial and non-managerial categories, the skills inventory is related with non-managerial employees and the management inventory is related with the management personnel. The process of preparing a human resource inventory involves the determination of personnel whose inventory is to be made, cataloging the factual information of each employee, systematic and detailed appraisal of these employees and a thorough study of the individuals who have potential for growth.

Employee retention is the process through which employees are encouraged to continue with the same organization for the maximum period of time possible. The present day employees are aware of the opportunities available to them and as soon as they feel dissatisfied with their present job or employer, they change their job immediately. On the other hand employers do not want to lose their good employees thus it becomes important for them to know how to attract and retain their employees. There are four basic factors that play an important role in retaining the employees. These are salary and remuneration, recognition, benefits and opportunities for personal growth.

Adopting the following practices could also lead to employee retention:

(i) Open communication inculcates a feeling of loyalty among the employees. The employees are also aware of the fact that their opinion matters and the organization is interesting in knowing their views.

(ii) Career development program: It is human nature to worry about the progress of the career of an individual. The organizations that provide opportunities for enhancing the knowledge and skills are preferred by employees.

(iii) Recreation facilities: These facilities help in keeping away the stress from the employees. Different recreational programs include trips by employees, sports activities and celebrating anniversaries at the organization.

Other practices that could be adopted for employee retention are Employee Reward Programme, performance base bonus and gifts to the employees.

The process of man power planning involves the following steps.

First of all the objectives and strategies regarding the diversification, expansion innovation, production, marketing and finance of the organization are analyzed so that a fair idea could be made regarding the future HR needs of the organization. Because the organizational plans are based on the labour, economic, sales and expansion forecasts, it serves as a good foundation for the manpower planning.

Next step is forecasting the demand for human resources. There are many techniques available for forecasting the HR demand like managerial judgment, ratio-trend analysis and mathematical models. The supply of man power is also taken into consideration from internal and external sources. The difficulties faced during the process of manpower planning are uncertainties that can be caused by absenteeism; seasonal employment and labour turn over. The other uncertainties that make the manpower planning process less reliable are technology changes and market conditions. Sometimes the employees and their unions also resist the man power planning process because they erroneously feel that man power planning could increase the work load of the employees. Another limitations faced by the process of man power planning is that the information system regarding the human resources of an organization is not fully developed in some countries.